Book Review- Two Views of Hell: A Biblical and Theological Dialogue

{From “From Death To Life” Issue 18}

Two Views of Hell: A Biblical and Theological Dialogue

By Edward William Fudge and Robert A. Peterson.

Reviewed by Carl Josephson

This book was published by InterVarsity Press this year not long before Edward Fudge came to New Zealand. By giving equal space to the conditionalist and traditionalist understandings of hell IVP have granted ‘our’ interpretation long overdue recognition as at least a viable, biblical alternative. We congratulate the publishers and authors for this significant step.

As the subtitle suggests the book takes the format of a dialogue, with Edward Fudge presenting the conditionalist case first, followed by a response by Robert Peterson, then the traditionalist case is presented with the book concluding with a response by Fudge.

This book will serve the conditionalist cause well not only because of the strength of the biblical arguments but also because of the grace and humility with which Fudge writes. Sadly this cannot always be said for Peterson who begins his response to Fudge with an emotive description of his students reacting to The Fire That Consumes with “physical symptoms including headaches and churning stomachs.” On occasion he gets perilously close to a personal attack as much as discussing the doctrines involved. He does concede however that in many ‘other’ matters of biblical interpretation Fudge is competent and sound.

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The Rich Man and Lazarus (Luke 16:19-31)

Does Jesus parable of the Rich Man and Lazarus (Luke 16:19-31) establish the fact that the wicked are even now suffering conscious torment?

The Rich Man and Lazarus is the stronghold of traditional thinking, but note the following:

1. This is clearly a parable not a report of actual events (c.f. 16:19 with 16:1, 15:11, 14:16);

2. The story is not original with Jesus, he is making ironic use of popular and Pharisaic lore in the tradition of the prophets (See their ironic use of Canaanite mythology);

3. The passage says nothing at all about souls and spirits, only of whole persons, and if taken literally would contradict all other Scriptures on this topic (c.f. 25 with Psa. 6:5 and all that is taught elsewhere on this web site).

4. Taking the parable literally involves us in a number of absurd contradictions. Can a drop of spit quench the torments of hell?

It would be worthwhile taking the time to study how the prophets take the Canaanite mythology of a Creation Monster and use that in an ironic way without in anyway intending to endorse the details or contradict other clear biblical teaching on the matter (Job 9:13, 26:12, Psa. 89:10, Isa. 51:9).

For more on this Scripture see:

The Rich Man and Lazarus (An excerpt from the book, Life Death and Destiny by Warren Prestidge).

Historical Antecedents to “the Rich Man and Lazarus” (Part One).